Zbigniew Brzeziński notes that between 1914 and 1990 “mega-deaths” are estimated to have reached 187 million—roughly 9 percent of the world’s population at the...
One of the principal factors that has shaped the Muslim world’s general philosophy of history is the distinctive historical period known as Asr al-Saʿāda...
Just as sacred texts are subjected to tafsir, human-authored historical texts may also be interpreted through a similar process. Tafsir is a form of...
The Medina Charter — Introduction
The Medina Charter first drew my attention thirty-five years ago (1991). In the time since, it has regularly surfaced in...
In the ongoing debate in France about “republic versus democracy,” a common consensus has emerged: the republic answers the question “who will govern,” while...
